Back ground & Aim: Preservation of tooth vitality is one of the most important tasks for clinicians dealing with exposed teeth. Several different materials have been used for pulp capping in recent years with calcium hydroxide being of the most Due to pathologic complication in the pulp following the are of Ca(OH)2, this investigation was designed to evaluate the effect of MTA on pulp reaction following pulp capping procedure. Method & Material: Calcium Hydroxide (Dycal) was used for direct pulp cap ping of II human maxillary third molar teeth with intentional exposure as control group. The same number of teeth was capped using MTA using the same condition. Results: Results showed that the dentinal bridge was thicker in cases treated with MTA with a clearly milder inflammation in pulp of the teeth treated by MTA. Conclusion: MTA could be used as an acceptable material for pulp capping of exposed permanent teeth.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to determine the histologic effect of low level laser therapy (LLLT) with or without the use of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) on exposed pulp tissues of dogs.Methods: Twenty-five premolar teeth in three healthy mature dogs were randomly divided into five groups. In group 1, the pulp tissue was capped with MTA. In groups 2 and 3, before capping with MTA, the exposure site was irradiated by low power lasers at 630 nm (20 mW, 150 seconds, 7.5 J/cm2) and 810 nm (peak power 80 W, average power 50 mW, 1500 Hz, 50 seconds, 6.25 J/cm2) wavelengths, respectively. In groups 4 and 5, the exposure site was irradiated similar to that described in groups 2 and 3, but the pulp tissue was covered by gold foil instead of MTA. After 2 months, the animals were sacrificed and the samples were prepared for histologic evaluation.Results: There were differences in pulpal response and dentinal barrier formation among the study groups. The morphology of pulpal tissue and the integrity of dentinal barrier and formation of odontoblastic layer were more favorable in the first three groups. The occurrence of extensive and intense inflammation and necrosis was more frequent in groups 4 and 5.Conclusion: Under the conditions used in this study, the presence of MTA as a pulp capping material was more important than laser therapy in the success of direct pulp capping (DPC) treatment. MTA proved to be an effective material either alone or in combination with laser irradiation in vital pulp therapy.

In this work, we report the effect of a capping agent on the structural and optical properties of nanocrystalline ZnS particles, which have been synthesized by co-precipitation method. The structural properties of ZnS nanoparticles have been characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The XRD patterns show a hexagonal structure in the nanoparticles. The mean crystallite size calculated from the XRD patterns has been found to be in the range of 1.80 to 2.45 nm with the increase in molar concentration of the capping agent. Absorption spectra have been obtained using a UV-vis spectrophotometer to find the optical direct band gap. We also found that optical band gap (Eg) increases with the increase in molar concentration of the capping agent. This behavior is related to size quantization effect due to the small size of the particles.

Statement of the Problem: Adequate compressive strength is an important characteristic for an ideal liner. Purpose: This study aimed to assess the compressive strength of several commonly used liners. Materials and Method: This in vitro, experimental study evaluated 120 samples fabricated of Dycal, Calcimol LC, Vitrebond, Activa Bioactive, and TheraCal LC (n=24) liners accord-ing to the manufacturers’ instructions. The samples were fabricated using a cylindrical stain-less steel mold with 6± 0. 1 mm height and 4± 0. 1 mm internal diameter. Half of the samples in each group (n=12) underwent compressive strength test immediately after completion of their primary setting while the other half (n=12) underwent compressive strength test after 24 h. During this period, the samples were immersed in deionized water (grade 3) and incu-bated at 37± 1° C and 100% humidity for 24 h. The compressive strength was measured us-ing a universal testing machine. Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’ s post-hoc test. Results: The compressive strength of the five liners was significantly different (p< 0. 05). Calcimol LC showed maximum compressive strength both immediately after setting and after 24 h. The compressive strength at 24 h was significantly higher than the primary com-pressive strength in all groups (p< 0. 05). Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, it seems that Calcimol LC, Activa Bioac-tive Liner, and TheraCal LC have adequate compressive strength and can be used alone to provide adequate support for the restorative materials.

The current research was conducted with the aim of the effect of attachment style on emotion regulation with the mediating role of identity style. The research method was descriptive and structural equation analysis. The statistical population of the research was all second year high school students of Kashan city in the academic year of 1400-1401, of which 500 people were selected by random cluster method. Data were collected based on three questionnaires: Gross & Jan (2003) Emotional Regulation Inventory, Identity Style Scale (6G-ISI) and Collins and Reid (1990) Attachment Style Questionnaire. The data are obtained by structural equation modeling and using Laserl 8.8 and 26 spss software. analyzed. Based on the results, secure attachment style at a significance level of 0.01, avoidant attachment style at a significance level of 0.05, and ambivalent attachment style at a significance level of 0.01 directly predicted emotion regulation. Among the three attachments, secure attachment style predicted emotion regulation at a significant level of 0.01, with the mediation of identity styles. Informational identity style at a significance level of 0.01, confused identity style at a significance level of 0.05 directly predicted emotion regulation. Among the three attachments, only the secure attachment style at a significance level of 0.01 had a significant role in predicting the normative identity style. According to the results of this study, emotion regulation is one of the most important constructs of educational psychology and an important factor in determining mental health and successful performance. It is in education that the factors affecting emotion regulation and its antecedents should be identified. Planning for training and holding educational workshops in this field in schools is suggested for students.

Statement of Problem: Recently, it has been proposed that different adhesive materials can be used for direct pulp capping. Previous studies have demonstrated that multi steps dentin adhesives could form reparative dentin similar to calcium hydroxide (CH). Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the histological pulp response of ninety mechanically exposed cat pulps to two adhesive resins (Scotch Bond MP and Single Bond 3M) were compared with a calcium hydroxide cement (Dycal, Dentsply). Materials and Methods : Class V facial cavities with similar pulpal exposures were prepared in canines. In the experimental groups phosphoric acid was used to etch the enamel and dentin and pulp exposure, and after it dentin adhesives was applied. The exposure point of the control group was capped with Dycal then the remainder of the cavities was etched and a dentin adhesive (single bond) was applied. All of the cavities were restored with a composite resin (Z 100) in usual manner. The animals were scarified after 7, 30 and 60 days (n=30), and the pulp evaluated histologically, statistical analysis was carried out with Kruskal- Wallis test (a=0.05). Results: The data showed that most of the cases had mild inflammation of pulp tissue. There was no significant difference in inflammatory reaction of pulp by Dycal and two adhesive systems, severe inflammatory reaction of pulp was observed only in most of the 30- day Single Bond group. Soft tissue organization of dentin bridge was less than Scotch Bond and Dycal groups, the differentiation of dentin bridge was less than Scotch Bond group after 7 days. Conclusion: Slight inflammatory cell infiltration was the main reaction of exposed pulp when two commercially available adhesive resins were placed directly on the exposed pulp. There was no significant difference in inflammatory reaction of pulp between Dycal and two adhesive systems after 7 days and 60 days. After 7 days most of the specimens showed an amount of predentin deposition.